Apollo and the Greek Muses
Updated 6/24/09
A Brief Comparison of Greek
and Roman Sculpture by Teacher Oz (me):
When comparing Greek and Roman sculpture you need to know about the three
distinct periods of Greek sculpture. The Greek Archaic, Classical, and
Hellenistic styles each represent different ideals. Archaic, best represented by
the Kouros, evolved from Egyptian sculpture. Kouros characteristics were:
rigidity, one foot forward stance, formal hair treatment, bilateral symmetry
(same on left and right), and its frontality (block like). It differed
from the Egyptian in that the sculpture was nude, there was no webbing between
the arms and body, and there was attention to anatomical detail. The Archaic
Kouros was the composite of the athletic ideal through mathematical
formula(1:8). It was not realistic, but idealistic.
During Classical period, the change in sculpture was
embodied by one word: controposto. The most significant change in sculpture to
that date, controposto was the counterbalance, or s-curve of the body. One foot
came forward and the weight distribution became more naturalistic. Besides
conroposto, the other characteristics of Classical sculpture were: head turned
on different plain from body (aloof, representing reason controlled) and less
formal hair treatment. Archaic was carving "stone into body", while
Classical was carving a "body out of stone". "The Canon", by
Polyclitus, is the archetype of classical sculpture. The goal of classical
sculpture was to portray a perfect balance and harmony through art. This
mirrored Greek philosophy.
The Hellenistic period occurred after the Peloponnesian War and a new reality
emerged in Greek sculpture. This sculpture was not idealistic. "The
Boxer" shows the boxer's bleeding knuckles after the fight. Ideal beauty is
no longer the object.
The Roman's mainly stole or copied Greek sculpture. The chief legacy of Roman
art was portraiture. Realism was the key (which would link it to the Hellenistic
style), BUT idealism ruled sculpture when used for propaganda purposes (an
example is the statue of Caesar Augustus).
Essentially,
Classical Greek Sculpture: IDEALISM/UNIVERSALITY
Roman Sculpture: EMPHASIS ON PARTICULAR RATHER THAN UNIVERSAL
GENERAL & COMPREHENSIVE SITES
***** The
Amazing Ancient World - Premier Ancient Civilization Internet Book - for
tons of links, just scroll down to the section on the Ancient Greeks!
ODYSSEAS - Hellenic
Ministry of Culture
Ancient
Greece Coloring Pages
Internet
Ancient History Sourcebook: Main Page
Major
Figures in Ancient and Classical History
Ancient Greece.com
The Greeks
Greeks
Interactive
The Ancient
Greek World Index
Differences
Between Classical and Hellenistic Greek
The Amazing Ancient
World - GREECE
EAWC: Ancient Greece
The Greek World of MARY
RENAULT
Greece:
History
Classical
and Hellenistic Greece
Odyssey Online
Perseus Digital Library - Perseus:
Greek and Roman Materials
Internet Resources: Ancient
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Ancient Greece:
Archaic Greece, 800-500 BC
Ancient
Greek Civilizations
The Ancient Greek
World - Land
historyforkids:
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Classical Atlas Project -- Home
Page
The Atrium: For Devotees of Ancient
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THE MINOANS, MYCENEANS, & THE GREEK DARK AGES
The
Prehistoric Archaeology of the Aegean
Barbarians and Bureaucrats:
Minoa, Mycenae, and the Greek Dark Ages - Contents
MAP:
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The Minoans
The
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The
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Minoans: Religion
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Minoans: Women in Minoan
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Minoans: Minoan Visual
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The
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The History of Plumbing (CRETE)
The Myceneans
Mycenean Religion
The Dark Ages
THE MACEDONIANS & ALEXANDER THE GREAT
TIMELINE:
Alexander the Great
Alexander
the Great Timeline
Chronology
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Alexander the
Great - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Army of
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Alexander
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ALEXANDER THE GREAT,
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The Great Homepage of
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Alexander Changes the World
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East
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The
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J. Moyr
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VI
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MATH & SCIENCE
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DRAMA, LITERATURE, & MUSIC
Didaskalia:
Introduction to Greek Stagecraft
Didaskalia:
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Greek Drama
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Euripides
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For more, please visit the section on drama at Literature and Drama. For full classical plays, please visit my Classics page.
MAPS
The
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Map of
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MAP:
Greece and Its Colonies, 550 B.C.
MAP:
Mycenaean and Minoan civilizations c. 2000 B.C.
World Cultures Atlas:
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CLICKABLE
CULTURAL MAP OF HELLAS
The Major
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Map: Alexander in the East
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ancient warfare index
THE OLYMPICS
The
Olympic Games in the Ancient Hellenic World
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THUCYDIDES
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